The conductive fibers are divided into conductive materials, and there are mainly four kinds of conductive fibers: metal fibers, carbon black fibers, conductive metal compound fibers, and conductive polymer fibers.
Metal fiber has good electrical conductivity, heat resistance and chemical resistance. However, for textiles, metal fiber has small cohesion, poor spinning performance, limited color of finished products, and is mostly used for carpet and workwear fabrics. expensive.
Carbon black fiber is a conductive fiber made by mixing the carbon black with the fiber-forming material and then adopting the sheath-core spinning method. In addition to maintaining the original mechanical properties of the fiber, a certain conductive property is obtained, but the color is single, usually black. Or gray-black, subject to certain restrictions on the use. Viscose, acrylic, and asphalt as raw yarns, carbonized carbon fiber, good electrical conductivity, heat resistance, chemical resistance, but high modulus, lack of toughness, resistance to bending, no heat shrinkage, limited application . The fiber is coated with carbon black on the surface of the fiber by the coating method. The carbon black is easy to fall off, the hand feel is not good, and the carbon black is not easily distributed on the surface of the fiber.
The conductive metal compound fiber is made of a sulfide, an iodide or an oxide of copper, silver, nickel and cadmium as a conductive material, and is prepared by a mixed spinning method, an adsorption method or a chemical reaction method, and has good fastness, wherein copper and silver are used. The compound also has certain additional functions, such as antibacterial and deodorizing, but the cost of silver is high, while the conductive fibers of sulfides and iodides of copper, nickel and cadmium are inferior to carbon black fibers, and the electromagnetic shielding performance is general. Antistatic.
Among the conductive polymer fibers, the organic conductive fibers which are directly spun from a polymer conductive material such as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole or polythiophene are difficult to spin, and are expensive, and are also difficult to use widely in textiles.
