Conductive fibers refer to chemical fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers, etc., which are spun by mixing conductive media into polymers. It has far superior performance of eliminating and preventing static electricity than antistatic fibers, and the specific resistance value is lasting and basically not affected by humidity. According to the distribution state of conductive components, it is divided into three types: uniform type, coated type and composite type. Generally, it is prepared by adding conductive media such as carbon black, graphite, metal powder or metal compounds to the fibers by methods such as miscibility, evaporation, electroplating and composite spinning. Its crystal can be used for electrostatic induction shielding, and the fabric mixed with a small amount of conductive fibers can also be used as special work clothes, dust-proof brushes, etc. Conductive fabrics made of conductive fibers have excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, shielding and absorbing electromagnetic waves and other functions, and are widely used in conductive nets and conductive work clothes in the electronics and power industries; electric heating clothing, electric heating surfaces, and electric heating bandages in the medical industry; aviation, Electromagnetic shields for aerospace and precision electronics industries, etc. Conductive fibers can be used in antistatic textiles, anti-electromagnetic radiation textiles, smart textiles and military textiles.
1. Antistatic Textiles
Conductive fiber is a functional fiber with electron conduction as the mechanism, and eliminates static electricity through electron conduction and corona discharge. Since the fibers contain free electrons, their antistatic properties are not dependent on humidity; conductive fibers have a short charge half-life, and in any case, static electricity can be eliminated in a very short period of time, and conductive fibers are used to prevent the generation and harm of static electricity. Wide range of environmental adaptability. According to the conductivity of the conductive fiber and the structure of the fabric, the antistatic effect can be achieved by mixing 0.05% to 5% of the conductive fiber into the general fiber. Work clothes with antistatic effect made of conductive fibers are suitable for oil fields, petroleum processing, coal mines, electronics industry, photosensitive material industry and other flammable and explosive occasions, and are also suitable for dust-free sterile clothing or special filter materials Wait.
2. Anti-electromagnetic radiation textiles
Electromagnetic shielding is the use of low-resistivity conductive materials to reflect and guide the electromagnetic current, and generate current and magnetic polarization opposite to the original magnetic field inside the conductor material, thereby weakening the radiation effect of the original electromagnetic field. Conductive fibers used to prevent electromagnetic radiation require very low resistivity, usually only 10-6 to 10-2Ω/cm. In recent years, due to the wide application of electronic and electrical equipment and communication equipment, the interference of electromagnetic radiation has caused misoperation of the equipment, image and sound obstacles, and harm to the human body, etc., causing people to pay attention to the development of electromagnetic shielding materials. The development of low-resistivity conductive fibers and the tightness of the market are also caused by this. Using the electromagnetic wave shielding properties of conductive fibers, it can be used to make electromagnetic wave shielding covers for precision electronic components, high-frequency welding machines, etc., and to make walls and ceilings of houses with special requirements and wall coverings that absorb radio waves. In Japan, conductive fibers coated with copper on the surface are blended or made into non-woven fabrics, which have been widely used in electromagnetic wave shielding and absorbing materials, such as electromagnetic wave absorbing covers for ships.
3. Sensor Textiles
Sensor textiles made of flexible conductive fibers based on the principle of electronic sensors have the advantages of being light and easy to carry, and are widely used in various fields. Japan's Sun Industries Co., Ltd. has developed a sensor that detects the maximum strain with carbon fiber, which can be used for safety diagnosis of structures such as buildings, roads, factories, airplanes, and ropeways.
4. Military Textiles
The war in the future will be an information war under the condition of high technology. In such a war, the rhythm of combat is fast, the frequency of offense and defense is fast, and the war situation is changing rapidly, and the traditional combat equipment of soldiers is seriously backward. In order to improve the comprehensive combat capability of soldiers in the modern battlefield, it is necessary to improve the ability of soldiers to acquire, process and transmit information, so that the soldiers' understanding of the battlefield situation can reach a higher level. Information clothing made of conductive fibers just meets this requirement. a request.
