It includes filament and short fiber, which have different use methods, use scope, advantages and disadvantages. Long fibers are often inlaid into fabric to form slivers or plaids, while short fibers are usually blended into fabric. Considering the antistatic mechanism of textiles containing organic conductive fibers, on the one hand, organic conductive fibers provide charge aggregation, on the other hand, they provide charge escape path, so filaments are easy to form charge escape path. The experimental results show that in order to achieve the same antistatic performance, the addition amount of short fiber is about 10 ~ 20 times of that of filament. In the same way, when organic conductive filament is applied to knitted fabric, the conductive path is curved. In order to achieve the same antistatic performance requirements, the addition amount of organic conductive filament is higher than that of woven fabric.
1) Exposed type of conductive component: the conductive component is distributed and exposed on the fiber surface, the discharge is very fast, and the antistatic effect is good. Although the antistatic effect of this kind of fiber is good, because the conductive layer is exposed, the conductive properties will be reduced due to the loss of conductive particles due to washing and friction. Conductive components are easy to lose.
2) Three concentric layers: This is a kind of composite fiber that sandwiches conductive components in the middle layer. The non-conductive and conductive components are between 80:20 and 60:40. If the non-conductive component is too large, the conductivity will decrease; if it is too small, the spinning property will become poor. This sandwich structure makes the conductive component close to the surface and wrap in the middle, so the whiteness is increased and it is resistant to washing and friction, with good conductive effect and durability.
3) Parallel type: This is to divide the fiber into two, three or more parallel layers, so that the conductive component runs through the cross section of the fiber and is exposed at both ends, so that the charge can lead to the other side of the fiber, so that the conductive effect perpendicular to the fiber axis is increased. The conductive part of the fiber is not easy to exceed 30%, so as not to reduce the conductive durability, friction resistance and washing resistance of the fiber, and the conductivity can be improved by increasing the number of parallel layers.
4) Core sheath type: this kind of fiber is divided into two types: one is the conductive component as the core, the non-conductive polymer as the sheath, the general proportion is 50:50, this fiber has good whiteness, washing resistance, friction resistance, durability, but the conductive effect is poor. Second, the conductive component is used as sheath and the non-conductive polymer as core. The conductive effect of the fiber is good, but the conductive component is exposed, which affects the color, washability and friction of the fiber.
5) Island type: the "sea" of the fiber is a non-conductive polymer, the "island" is a conductive component, the diameter of the "island" is less than 0.5 μ m, the smaller the diameter of the "island" is, the lower the voltage to start corona discharge is, the less the amount of residual charge is, which can avoid explosion and fire caused by static electricity. In this composition, the composition of "island" and "sea" should be compatible, and the general composition ratio is between 30:70 or 70:30.
