The conductive fiber can quickly leak and disperse the generated static electricity and effectively prevent the local accumulation of static electricity. The conductive fiber also has the ability of corona discharge, which can release static electricity to the atmosphere. Corona discharge is a discharge phenomenon that occurs when the radius of curvature of the electrode surface is very small, the electric field in the discharge space is uneven, and the electric field near the electrode surface is relatively strong under the condition of atmospheric pressure or higher than atmospheric pressure. There is a light-emitting corona layer near the electrode. The electric field in the corona layer is very strong, which produces strong ionization and excitation. This kind of corona discharge is a very weak discharge phenomenon, and there is no danger. Therefore, when the conductive fiber is not grounded, corona discharge can also be used to eliminate static electricity. If the conductive fiber products contact with the earth, the static electricity will leak into the earth through conductive way at the same time of corona discharge, and the electric charge will be smaller.
(1) The mechanism of eliminating static electricity of grounded conductive fiber. When the human body wears the fabric containing conductive fiber to contact the earth, the mechanism of eliminating static electricity is to induce the electric charge to gather around the conductive fiber and leak into the earth at the same time of corona discharge. The specific process is that when the conductive fiber is close to the charged body, an electric field is formed between the charged body and the charged fiber, especially the electric line converges around the conductive fiber, forming a local ion activation region. In the air around the conductive fiber, because the insulation is broken down, the corona discharge produces positive and negative ions, in which the negative ions move to the charged body and neutralize, and the positive ions leak to the earth through the conductive fiber.
(2) The mechanism of eliminating static electricity by ungrounded conductive fiber. When the conductive fiber is ungrounded, the static electricity is eliminated by corona discharge. The steps of eliminating static electricity are as follows:
① The charge in the fabric (charged body) leads to the collection of the electric fiber, and the electric charge in the conductive fiber is opposite to that of the fabric;
② A strong electric field is induced near the conductive fiber, which makes the air around it ionize under the action of the electric field. This is the so-called corona discharge process;
③ Corona discharge produces positive and negative ions, which move to the fabric and neutralize the charge of the fabric, thus eliminating static electricity.
