We mentioned that there are usually three anti-static processing methods for fabrics:
①After finishing the fabric with antistatic finishing agent;
② Fiber graft modification, blending and interweaving of hydrophilic fibers for the purpose of improving the moisture absorption of fabrics;
③Blend or interwoven conductive fiber;
Comparison of three methods
The mechanism of the first two methods is to increase the moisture regain of the fabric, reduce the insulation, and accelerate the leakage of static electricity. Therefore, if the processing effect is not durable or significant in a dry environment or after multiple washings, it is usually applied to ordinary clothing fabrics. Only the third method can permanently and efficiently solve the static electricity problem of textiles, so it is currently widely used in the production of anti-static work clothes.
Today's protagonist is the third processing method "blended or interwoven conductive fiber".
Conductive fiber is a new type of fiber that appeared in the 1960s. It is generally a fiber with a guiding electric rate greater than 10-7Ω-25px-1. This type of fiber has good electrical conductivity and durability, especially good durability and antistatic properties under low humidity, so it has great applications in industrial, civil and other fields.
Development history of conductive fiber
Early conductive fiber
The first generation of organic conductive fiber
Second generation organic conductive fiber
Types of conductive fibers
According to the conductive composition, there are four main types of conductive fibers: metal fibers, carbon black fibers, conductive metal compound fibers, and conductive polymer fibers.
Metal fiber
Good electrical conductivity, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, but for textiles, metal fibers have low cohesion, poor spinning performance, and limited color of the finished product. They are mostly used for carpets and work clothes fabrics, and they are expensive when made into high-fine fibers.
Carbon black fiber
Carbon black fiber is a conductive fiber made by mixing carbon black and fiber-forming material by sheath-core spinning. In addition to maintaining the original mechanical properties of the fiber, it also obtains a certain degree of conductivity, but the color is single, usually black Or gray-black, subject to certain restrictions in use. Using viscose, acrylic fiber, and pitch as the raw silk, the carbon fiber after carbonization has good electrical conductivity, heat resistance, chemical resistance, but high modulus, lack of toughness, no bending resistance, no heat shrinkage, and limited application range . Using ordinary fiber as the substrate, the fiber surface of the fiber is coated with carbon black by the coating method, the carbon black is easy to fall off, the hand feel is not good, and the carbon black is not easy to be evenly distributed on the fiber surface.
Conductive metal compound fiber
The sulfide, iodide or oxide of copper, silver, nickel and cadmium are used as conductive materials, and it is made by mixed spinning method, adsorption method or chemical reaction method. The fastness is good. Among them, copper and silver compounds also have certain additional Functions, such as antibacterial and deodorizing, but the cost of silver is relatively high, while the conductive fibers of copper, nickel and cadmium sulfide and iodide are worse than carbon black fibers, and their electromagnetic shielding performance is general. They are mainly used for antistatic.
Among the conductive polymer fibers, organic conductive fibers made by direct spinning of polymer conductive materials such as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc., are difficult to spin, cost more, and difficult to be widely used in textiles.
Conductive cloth
The anti-static fabric can be woven fabric, such as conductive silk, anti-static T/C fabric, or knitted fabric, such as anti-static knitted glove cloth, anti-electric knitted underwear, etc.
Conductive fibers are added to the warp or weft direction of the woven fabric.
Conductive cloth has the following functions
1. Excellent anti-static performance, permanent and washable.
2. It can eliminate the harm of static electricity to the human body, and eliminate the discomfort caused by static electricity when the human body moves or wears off.
3. It can eliminate the close-fitting and tangling of clothes caused by static electricity, is not easy to get dust, and is dirt-resistant and easy to wash.
4. In the electronics, instrumentation and other industries, it can prevent the damage and aging of electronic components caused by static electricity; in the petrochemical industry, it can prevent the danger of combustion and explosion caused by static electricity.
