Classification:
(1) Metal compound type conductive fibers, with a resistivity of 102-104 Ω·cm, mainly prepared by compound spinning method by locally mixing high-concentration conductive particles into the fibers, carbon black for black conductive particles, and metal oxide for white series. If the surface of antimony oxide containing a small amount of tin oxide is coated with titanium dioxide, the fiber is relatively light, flexible, washable and easy to process; it can also be chemically fixed by post-processing copper or electroplated metal.
(2) Metal-based conductive fibers. Such fibers are made by exploiting the conductive properties of metals. The main method is the direct wire drawing method, that is, the metal wire is repeatedly passed through the die.
It is stretched with a tool to make fibers with a diameter of 4 to 16 μm.
(3) Carbon black conductive fiber
It is an ancient and common method to use the conductive properties of carbon black to make conductive fibers. The method can be divided into the following three categories: ① Doping method; the carbon black is mixed with the fiber-forming substance and then spun, and the carbon black forms a continuous phase structure in the fiber, giving the fiber electrical conductivity. This method generally adopts the skin-core composite spinning method, which not only does not affect the original physical properties of the fiber, but also makes the fiber have electrical conductivity. ② Coating method: The coating method is to apply carbon black on the surface of ordinary fibers. The coating method can use a binder to bond the carbon black to the fiber surface, or directly soften the fiber surface rapidly and bond with the carbon black. The disadvantage of this method is that the carbon black is easy to fall off, the hand feel is not good, and the carbon black is not easy to distribute evenly on the fiber surface. ③ Fiber carbonization treatment; some fibers, such as polyacrylonitrile fiber, cellulose fiber, pitch fiber, etc., after carbonization treatment, the main chain of the fiber is mainly carbon.
atoms, which make the fiber conductive. The most commonly used method is the low temperature carbonization treatment of acrylonitrile fibers.
(4) Conductive polymer fiber
Polymer materials are usually considered to be insulators, but the successful development of polyacetylene conductive materials in the 1970s broke this trend.
traditional mindset. After that, polymer conductive substances such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene were successively born.
The research on performance is also more and more extensive. There are two main methods for preparing conductive fibers by using conductive polymers: (1) Direct spinning of conductive polymer materials
